Eclipse of Darwinism: Anti-Darwinian Evolution Theories in the Decades Around 1900 (Revised)

In this pioneering study of the first major challenges to Darwinism, Peter J. Bowler examins the competing theories of evolution, identifies their intellectual origins, and describes the process by which the modern concept of evolution emerged. Describing the variety of influences that drove scientists to challenge Darwin's conclusions, Bowler reevaluates the influence of social forces on the scientific community and explors the borad philosophical, ideological, and social implications of scientific theories.