FreeMarker template error: The following has evaluated to null or missing: ==> [in template "component://snj2/template/catalog/ProductDetail.ftl" at line 389, column 19] ---- Tip: It's the step after the last dot that caused this error, not those before it. ---- Tip: If the failing expression is known to be legally refer to something that's sometimes null or missing, either specify a default value like myOptionalVar!myDefault, or use <#if myOptionalVar??>when-present<#else>when-missing</#if>. (These only cover the last step of the expression; to cover the whole expression, use parenthesis: (myOptionalVar.foo)!myDefault, (myOptionalVar.foo)?? ---- ---- FTL stack trace ("~" means nesting-related): - Failed at: #if (product.originalImageUrl?string?... [in template "component://snj2/template/catalog/ProductDetail.ftl" at line 389, column 13] ---- Java stack trace (for programmers): ---- freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException: [... Exception message was already printed; see it above ...] at freemarker.core.InvalidReferenceException.getInstance(InvalidReferenceException.java:134) at freemarker.core.UnexpectedTypeException.newDesciptionBuilder(UnexpectedTypeException.java:80) at freemarker.core.UnexpectedTypeException.<init>(UnexpectedTypeException.java:43) at freemarker.core.BuiltInsForMultipleTypes$stringBI._eval(BuiltInsForMultipleTypes.java:709) at freemarker.core.Expression.eval(Expression.java:81) at freemarker.core.ExistenceBuiltins$ExistenceBuiltIn.evalMaybeNonexistentTarget(ExistenceBuiltins.java:52) at freemarker.core.ExistenceBuiltins$has_contentBI._eval(ExistenceBuiltins.java:112) at freemarker.core.ExistenceBuiltins$has_contentBI.evalToBoolean(ExistenceBuiltins.java:119) at freemarker.core.AndExpression.evalToBoolean(AndExpression.java:36) at freemarker.core.ParentheticalExpression.evalToBoolean(ParentheticalExpression.java:35) at freemarker.core.IfBlock.accept(IfBlock.java:49) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:326) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:332) at freemarker.core.Environment.visit(Environment.java:332) at freemarker.core.Environment.process(Environment.java:305) at org.apache.ofbiz.base.util.template.FreeMarkerWorker.renderTemplate(FreeMarkerWorker.java:263) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.HtmlWidget.renderHtmlTemplate(HtmlWidget.java:167) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.HtmlWidget$HtmlTemplate.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:216) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.HtmlWidget.renderWidgetString(HtmlWidget.java:140) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget$PlatformSpecific.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:1321) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget.renderSubWidgetsString(ModelScreenWidget.java:98) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:280) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:164) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ScreenFactory.renderReferencedScreen(ScreenFactory.java:214) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget$IncludeScreen.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:780) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget.renderSubWidgetsString(ModelScreenWidget.java:98) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:280) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget.renderSubWidgetsString(ModelScreenWidget.java:98) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget$DecoratorSection.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:906) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget$SectionsRenderer.render(ModelScreenWidget.java:127) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget$DecoratorSectionInclude.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:943) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget.renderSubWidgetsString(ModelScreenWidget.java:98) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:280) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget.renderSubWidgetsString(ModelScreenWidget.java:98) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:280) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:164) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ScreenFactory.renderReferencedScreen(ScreenFactory.java:214) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget$DecoratorScreen.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:860) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget.renderSubWidgetsString(ModelScreenWidget.java:98) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreenWidget$Section.renderWidgetString(ModelScreenWidget.java:280) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.model.ModelScreen.renderScreenString(ModelScreen.java:164) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.renderer.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:136) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.renderer.ScreenRenderer.render(ScreenRenderer.java:98) at org.apache.ofbiz.widget.renderer.macro.MacroScreenViewHandler.render(MacroScreenViewHandler.java:157) at org.apache.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.renderView(RequestHandler.java:1001) at org.apache.ofbiz.webapp.control.RequestHandler.doRequest(RequestHandler.java:653) at org.apache.ofbiz.webapp.control.ControlServlet.doGet(ControlServlet.java:213) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:687) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:790) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:292) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.invoke(ApplicationDispatcher.java:720) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.processRequest(ApplicationDispatcher.java:466) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.doForward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:391) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationDispatcher.forward(ApplicationDispatcher.java:318) at org.apache.ofbiz.product.category.CatalogUrlServlet.doGet(CatalogUrlServlet.java:153) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:687) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:790) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:292) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) at org.apache.ofbiz.webapp.control.ContextFilter.doFilter(ContextFilter.java:324) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) at org.apache.ofbiz.content.content.ContentUrlFilter.doFilter(ContentUrlFilter.java:99) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) at org.apache.ofbiz.product.category.CatalogUrlFilter.doFilter(CatalogUrlFilter.java:338) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:240) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:207) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:212) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:106) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:141) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:79) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:88) at org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:616) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:528) at org.apache.coyote.ajp.AbstractAjpProcessor.process(AbstractAjpProcessor.java:873) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:670) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1520) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(NioEndpoint.java:1476) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
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Mathematics for Finance: An Introduction to Financial Engineering

by Marek Capinski, Tomasz Zastawniak,

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As with the first edition, Mathematics for Finance: An Introduction to Financial Engineering combines financial motivation with mathematical style. Assuming only basic knowledge of probability and calculus, it presents three major areas of mathematical finance, namely Option pricing based on the no-arbitrage principle in discrete and continuous time setting, Markowitz portfolio optimisation and Capital Asset Pricing Model, and basic stochastic interest rate models in discrete setting. From the reviews of the first edition: This text is an excellent introduction to Mathematical Finance. Armed with a knowledge of basic calculus and probability a student can use this book to learn about derivatives, interest rates and their term structure and portfolio management. (Zentralblatt MATH) Given these basic tools, it is surprising how high a level of sophistication the authors achieve, covering such topics as arbitrage-free valuation, binomial trees, and risk-neutral valuation. (www.riskbook.com) The reviewer can only congratulate the authors with successful completion of a difficult task of writing a useful textbook on a traditionally hard topic. (K. Borovkov, The Australian Mathematical Society Gazette, Vol. 31 (4), 2004)

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  • Springer Brand
  • 9780857290816 ISBN-13:
  • 0857290819 ISBN-10:
  • 0857290819 ISBN-10
  • 9780857290816 ISBN-13
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  • Hardback Media
  • 0.71 in * 6.06 in * 9.06 in Dimensions:
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