This book is about what ten renowned philosophers and/or linguists as well as the author think about language and how we have to investigate it. After summarizing and evaluating the major eleven works of those ten thinkers on the topic in question, the author attempts to answer the question whether a science of language is possible based on his assessment of the above eleven works as well as of the opinions expressed by Karl Popper and Thomas Kuhn, two of the most eminent names in the philosophy of science.