Missiological Implications of Epistemological Shifts: Affirming Truth in a Modern/Postmodern World

What must a new convert know or believe? How do they know? How can Christian teaching be translated and communicated interculturally without distorting the message? How should mission be done in an anticolonial, postmodern era characterized by religious relativism and accusations of Christian imperialism? Hiebert focuses on three epistemological foundations or specific theories of knowledge that underlay these questions - positivism, instrumentalism/idealism, and critical realism. He embraces critical realism because it allows for a real world that exists independently from human perceptions and opinions, restores emotions and moral judgments as essential parts of knowing, and creates conditions for knowing persons intimately and as fully human.