Sustainable Finance, ESG, Impact Investing, and Carbon Markets: Financing the Global Transition to a

Sustainable finance now moves trillions of dollars a year, yet emissions keep rising and adaptation stays unfunded. This book explains which mechanisms actually change where capital goes, and which only change how it is measured and reported.

- Understand how disclosure regimes, taxonomies, and reporting standards determine what qualifies as sustainable investment
- Analyze why ESG ratings from major providers disagree, and what that divergence does to benchmarks and pricing
- Discover how green bonds and sustainability-linked instruments are structured, priced, and verified in practice
- Evaluate impact investing claims against the additionality and counterfactual evidence they actually require
- Examine why the cost of capital, not project availability, is the binding constraint in emerging markets
- Interpret emissions trading design, allowance allocation, carbon taxes, and border carbon adjustment mechanisms
- Assess voluntary carbon market integrity, offset quality failures, carbon removal durability, and Article 6 cooperation
- Understand transition finance for heavy industry, adaptation capital, and nature-related financial disclosure

Written for professionals who need to distinguish credible climate finance from well-labelled activity, this book treats sustainable finance as a system of institutional mechanisms rather than a product category. Read it to see clearly where the capital is actually moving, and why.