Diabetes: Comorbidities, Therapeutics and Insights (2nd Edition)

Diabetes is one of the most challenging health problems in the 21st century, projected to affect 700 million people by 2045. In the last 15 years, the number of people diagnosed with type 1 diabetes increased by 45%, and those diagnosed with type 2 diabetes increased by 95%. The most devastating effects of diabetes are its chronic complications, which confer a high risk of morbidity and mortality and an increased health system cost burden. Although there is increased awareness and new therapeutic options in the treatment of diabetes, it is still the leading cause of blindness in working-age adults, the leading cause of kidney failure and dialysis, and the leading cause of nontraumatic lower-limb amputations. Although recent trends indicate a decline in certain diabetes-related complications, such as all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, individuals with diabetes continue to face a significantly elevated risk of these outcomes compared to those without the disease. Given this persistent disparity, further efforts are essential to reduce the burden of comorbidities and lower the risk of premature mortality in the diabetic population. In this context, this Reprint brings together the latest research and advancements in the understanding and management of diabetes-related comorbidities, novel therapeutic approaches, and emerging clinical insights. It includes twelve original research articles, one review article, and one systematic review, offering a comprehensive overview of current developments in the field.