Investigation on Lipid Composition and Functional Properties of Some Exotic Oilseeds

Interest in noval sources of edible oils has recently grown. Unfortunately, there are no new miracle crops out there just waiting to be discovered. Discovery of niche markets will come from an understanding of what drives customer needs and wants. Non traditional seeds are being considered because their constituents have unique chemical properties and may augment the supply of edible oils. The study of minor bioactive constituents in these seeds is important for their effective use. Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.), coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and niger (Guizotia abyssinica Cass.) seed oils have been part of a diet worldwide and their consumption is also becoming increasingly popular in the non-producer countries. However, information on seed oil composition and bioactives is limited. Yet these phytochemicals may bring nutraceutical and functional benefits to food systems. The information will be of importance in processing and utilizing these seed oils and their by-products as a new source of vegetable oils. High levels of crude oils recovered from the oilseeds, their superior level of triacylglycerols, essential fatty acids and fat-soluble bioactives make them a noval source of vegetable oils. It is anticipated that commercial exploitation of black cumin, coriander and niger seed oils will soon be realized.