Medication Related Osteonecrosis of Jaw

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) is a challenging condition that can develop in patients receiving medications commonly prescribed for osteoporosis and cancer. While these drugs play an essential role in improving patient survival and quality of life, they may sometimes interfere with normal bone healing in the jaws. This condition can be distressing for patients and demanding for clinicians, as it often presents with pain, infection, and functional difficulty. The jaws are particularly vulnerable due to their high rate of bone turnover and constant exposure to the oral environment. This dissertation offers a clear and concise overview of MRONJ, explaining how and why it occurs, how it is diagnosed, and the treatment options currently available. Emphasis is placed on prevention, early recognition, and stage-based management, with attention to both conservative and surgical approaches. By highlighting the importance of careful dental planning and close collaboration between medical and dental professionals, this work aims to support safer clinical practice and improved patient care.