Indices and Classifications in Periodontology and Oral Implantology

This book provides a comprehensive overview of Indices and Classifications used in Periodontology and Oral Implantology for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment evaluation in a holistic manner. This book is a ready reckoner for Dental Undergraduates, Postgraduates, PhD trainees and Practitioners during their exams and clinical practice. Periodontal and Peri-implant indices are standardized tools that convert clinical findings into numerical values, enabling objective assessment and comparison. Advanced indices such as Periodontal Inflamed Surface Area (PISA) and Periodontal Risk Assessment (PRA) evaluate disease risk and inflammatory burden. Healing and pain indices help in assessing post-treatment outcomes. Classification systems of periodontal diseases, defects, and conditions aid in diagnosis, treatment planning and prognosis prediction. This book also highlights applications of indices in clinical practice, research and public health, along with their limitations.