Biomarkers in Endodontics

The study of biomarkers in endodontics has emerged as a significant advancement in understanding the biological basis of pulpal and periapical diseases and in improving clinical diagnostic capabilities. This dissertation has comprehensively reviewed the concept of biomarkers, their essential characteristics, and the biological justification for their use in endodontic research and practice. By exploring various sources such as saliva and GCF, the potential of minimally invasive diagnostic approaches has been emphasized, offering valuable insights into the inflammatory and immunological processes occurring within the dental pulp and periapical tissues.The need for biomarkers in endodontics has been clearly established through their ability to aid in early disease detection, differentiate between reversible and irreversible pulpitis, assess disease activity, and monitor treatment outcomes. Specific attention has been given to key inflammatory biomarkers, including CRP, prostaglandins, cytokines, and other relevant mediators, which reflect the host response to microbial infection and tissue injury.