Assessment of Craniofacial Growth Using Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis

This dissertation explores the spheno-occipital synchondrosis (SOS) as a novel parameter for predicting craniofacial growth and skeletal maturity. The study integrates anatomical, developmental, radiological, and genetic perspectives to understand the role of the SOS as a key growth center of the cranial base. Advanced imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) are reviewed for their effectiveness in assessing synchondrosis maturation and fusion stages. The dissertation also examines molecular and genetic mechanisms regulating cranial base growth and compares SOS development across species to highlight its evolutionary and functional significance. Clinical implications in orthodontics and craniofacial orthopedics are emphasized, particularly in treatment planning and growth prediction. Overall, the study establishes the spheno-occipital synchondrosis as a reliable biological indicator for evaluating residual craniofacial growth and optimizing clinical decision-making.