Roman Egypt (30 BC-284 AD) represents a truly unique chapter in history. Once the pharaonic era had passed, Egypt knew how to adapt to the new Golden Age inaugurated by the Princeps Augustus, remaining at the center of the Mediterranean world. Roman Egypt represents the most important Roman province of the Empire, a multicultural society and a crossroads of cultures and trades, where elements of the Hellenic, Roman and Judean tradition intersect. The Ptolemaic royalty therefore prompted the birth of an Egyptianizing fashion and interest in Egyptian cults. The strong cultural impulse of the Ptolemy rulers composes the framework in which the human story of Cleopatra VII is inserted, a skilful politician who tried to reinsert Egypt in the chessboard of the powers of the time, sharing in Caesar's projects, then those of Antonio; her land definitively entered the orbit of Rome. Cleopatra's policy aimed at protecting the Ptolemaic identity and independence, even within the reality imposed by the Roman protectorate in the condition of client state of Rome. Cleopatra, on the other part, as queen of Egypt, was believed to be the incarnation of the goddess Isis, which corresponded precisely to the Aphrodite of the Greeks and Venus of the Romans. This controversial event marked the beginning of a period of fascination on the part of the Romans for Egyptian culture. Egypt is already present in the imagination of the Romans with its millenary culture on the banks of the Nile: objects of common use and artistic productions, symbols of ostentation of economic power, have already arrived in Rome for some time. The link with the great civilization of the Nile has always been very close, for the progressive fortune and diffusion of the Isiac cults, and the consequent diffusion of the Egyptianizing fashion in Rome. The conquest and reduction to province of Egypt in the following year, the economic and cultural relations between Rome and the land of the pharaohs became very intense.