Thanks to a meticulous research work, the author was able to exploit many forgotten sources, never or little exploited. From this study, it emerges that a fact, however established, is rarely mentioned in contemporary works: the attachment of the Berbers, since the medieval period, to the Arab people. An emic vision of the Berber identity, a look from the inside of these populations as for their origins, will allow us to note an ideological contrast on the part of the pre-colonial Maghrebians with the hysterical anti-Arab "Berberist" currents of our time.